[ Re. https://www.hifa.org/news/hifa-spotlight-noncommunicable-diseases-stay-i... ]
Below I have tried to respond to each of the Guiding questions drawing out key (for me) terms:
1. WHAT IS UNSAFE CARE AND WHAT IS ITS LOCAL AND GLOBAL IMPACT?
Question 1 immediately draws attention to the existence of a SYSTEMS(s), and its level of maturity and hence coherence.
The responses to this question #1 already identify unsafe care, but of course we must be cognisant of what is not recognised?
Drug errors and other mistakes that are not reported?
(So, to what extent is the 'system' - systematic?)
Local and global alludes to geographies, the patient's and the health services.
What is the level of centralised to community provision and the distribution of the population from the service locations.
There must be a measure, an index to measure were things stand across local and global as translated to
urban - city, town, village, rural, remote?
The questions are understandably broad, but in question 1 how does time and distance impact upon continuity of care, health prevention and education to help foster self-care?
To what extent can the glocal be introduced through technological solutions?
2. WHAT ARE THE MAIN CAUSES OF UNSAFE CARE FOR PEOPLE LIVING WITH NCDS? TO WHAT EXTENT IS ACCESS TO RELIABLE HEALTHCARE INFORMATION A DETERMINANT OF PATIENT SAFETY?
Question #2 also concerns expectations, this applies in resource limited contexts and in highly specialised care services.
Having access to healthcare information is one thing, but what is the salience of that information in light of:
The patient, informal carers, culture in which the facts, insights, information ... is fielded?
To what extent is the patient's level of health literacy able to utilise the information provided?
- Same applies to the wider social, culture - quotidian experience?
Is the patient 'stuck' in a 'well' (pardon the irony), a minima - this may increase their vulnerability, due to disempowerment, loss of motivation, inability to envision change - a stabilised achievable quality of life?
[A chronic condition is seen in its chronic - overwhelming terms? ]
Is this were even occasional follow-up can make a huge difference? What is the minimum threshold for such visits - contacts (tech-mediated too)?
Are community / social assets fully recognised, patients having a buddy?
3. WHAT CAN BE DONE TO BETTER UNDERSTAND AND IMPROVE HEALTH SYSTEMS FOR SAFER CARE FOR PEOPLE LIVING WITH NCDS?
Across questions 1-4 I continue to believe a recognised global and generic model for healthcare and education can help us individually, and collectively to better understand and improve health systems for safer care for people living with NCDs?
Situated and variously person or service-centred, Hodges' model can support individual and collective reflection and critical thinking:
https://hodges-model.blogspot.com/
- and can assist in currcicula planning, and bridge the theory-practice gap (and other gaps!).
Inclusion of the POLITICAL care (knowledge) domain in Hodges' model extends the model beyond:
medical
bio-medical
& bio-psycho-social models
We keep 'talking' determinants and yet the economic, housing, security and other dimensions are neglected, and yet their role in causation (surely?) inevitable.
4. HOW CAN WE BETTER SUPPORT PATIENTS AND PRIMARY AND FACILITY-BASED HEALTH WORKERS TO DELIVER SAFE CARE?
Having a common shared template for assessment, plannning, intervention and evaluation that encourages unconditional positive regard can help(?).
https://docs.google.com/document/d/1XdhXfS-aLZM78_cyXFQB0vkDUPE1Q4kN-XN2...
The question suggests an opportunity for deployment of Hodges' model starting within education - early teens?
Please see above - plus having an ethos - philosophy of care is vital and Hodges' model is applicable to:
equitable - equality - high quality
accountability - reporting (data infrastructure synergy)
treatment - disease - NCDs management
systems - thresholds perspectives (this applies in all questions)
Jones, P. (2025). A Conceptual Mapping Exercise of Deprivation of Liberty Safeguards in Residential & Community Care Using Hodges' Model and Threshold Concepts. Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice, 31: e70085. https://doi.org/10.1111/jep.70085
primary, secondary, tertiary
quaternary
public sector - private - voluntary/charitable
rehabilitation, reablement, recovery
prevention
S. Bettiol, P. Jones, H. A. Onyedikachi, and W. G. Kernohan, (2026) Bridging Gaps in Oral Health Frameworks: Mapping With Hodges' Health Career - Care Domains - Model, Journal of Public Health Dentistry. 1–14, https://doi.org/10.1111/jphd.70034.
health education
literacies (All of them)
community
strengths
addressing lack of parity of esteem - in health and education ...
Hope!
Work is ongoing to study Hodges' model. A bibliograophy is provided in the blog's sidebar.
Kind regards,
(Mr) Peter Jones
Wigan, UK
h2cmng@yahoo.co.uk
Part-time Community Mental Health Nurse, Tutor and Researcher
Blogging at "Welcome to the QUAD"
http://hodges-model.blogspot.com/
https://bsky.app/profile/h2cm.bsky.social
HIFA profile: Peter Jones is a Community Mental Health Nurse with the NHS in NW England and a a part-time tutor at Bolton University. Peter champions a conceptual framework - Hodges' model - that can be used to facilitate personal and group reflection and holistic / integrated care. A bibliography is provided at the blog 'Welcome to the QUAD' (http://hodges-model.blogspot.com). h2cmuk AT yahoo.co.uk